Connective Tissue

Connective Tissue Characteristics of link tissues Extracellular soil substance separates cells Most widely variable of tissues Many varied functions Common (mesenchyme) note Degrees of vascularity Functions Binding Suport certificate Insulation Transport Structural Elements Fibers ?Collagen (white) fibres ?Elastin (yellow) fibers ?Reticular fibers territory substance ?Amorphous material fills space between cells and contains fibers ?Holds mobiles ?Acts as molecular(a) sieve ?Consists of interstitial changeful, cell adhesion proteins glue, proteoglycans Cells Each crystallize of link tissue has a fundamental cell type that exists in an immature and mature form ?Undifferentiated cell gets suffix puff i. e chronoblast, they are actively mitotic, secrete fibers and ground subtance ?Once the cells synthesize the matrix they assume their less active mature mode indicated by suffix cyte i. e. lymphocyte Summary Fibers Ground exchangestance Cells Collagen Interstitial fluid Imma ture form blast Elastin Cell adhesion proteins glue mount form cyte Reticular Proteoglycans Types of connective tissue All consist of cells surrounded by matrix Differences reflect cell type, finer type and the harmonize of matrix contributed by fivers These differences determine connective tissue classes and their subgroups ?General (fibrous) connective tissue proper ?Specialised Connective tissues (skeletal bone and cartilage, adipose, lymphoid, blood) Cells found in Prototype Connective Tissue FIbroblasts Adipocytes (fat cells) Cells which migrate from blood ?WBC ?Other cells refer with tissue response to injury Connective Tissue Proper two subgroups classification mainly rumpd on finer arrangement and meanness Loose CT Areolar ?Reticular unintelligible CT ?Dense regular ?Dense irregular Connective Tissue Proper Sub groups Characteristics/Structural elements Loose Areolar Semi fluid Gelatinous ground substance Collagen, elastin, cancellate loosely distributed Fibroblas ts and macrophages are abundant Occasional adipocytes (fat cells) widely distributed packing material of body Loose Reticular Matrix contains reticular fibers Reticular fibers form network of reticular cells (fibroblasts) Dense Regular virtually packed collagen fibers orientated in same direction Mainly fibroblasts seriously vascularised (no blood vessels)White, flexible tissue with great tensile strength in one direction Wavy fivers allow minimal give until fibbers are straightened conciliatory CT has high elastic content i. e. ligaments and tendons Dense Irregular fast packed collagen fibers orientated in same direction Mainly fibroblasts poorly vascularised (no blood vessels) Collagen bundles are orientated in MANY directions Forms sheets where tension is exerted in from many directions i. e. dermis of skin, fibrous joint capsules, fibrous capsules of many variety meat (kidneys, testis, bone, muscles) Blood Classified as a connective tissue Cells in matrix (plasma) Fibers are soluble proteins which only become visible during turn Functions ?Transport of nutrients (glucose, oxygen) ?Transport of wastes (CO2) ?Transport of gases (oxygen, CO2) ?Hormones Cartilage Somewhere between thudding CT and bone Tough but flexible Cartilage cells chondro affix Ground substance has firmly bound collagen fivers Contains lots of tissue fluid (80% water) No blood vessels or nerves (good for joints) Perichondrium (dense irreg. CT) surrounds most cartilage offshoot both interstitial and appositional Types ?Hyaline ?Elastic ?Fibrocartilage ram Bone can refer to Osseous tissue (type of CT) Organs of the body i. e. humerus (consisting of several(prenominal) tissue types) Bone as a tissue Bone is connective tissue (osseous tissue) Cells contained in a matrix Matrix is hardened by deposition of calcium salts and other minerals = calcification (mineralisation) Functions of bony skeleton Support Protection Rigid attachment Levers for muscles Blood formation Electrolyte b alance Acid base balance Detoxification General features of long bone Compact bone muddy bone Medullary cavity Diaphysis (shaft) Epiphysis Epiphysis ordered series/line Articular cartilage Periosteum and endosteum